Digitizing Cultural Heritage through Artificial Intelligence: from Painting to Digital Model

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The digitization of cultural heritage involves different procedures depending on the type of object under study. Works of architecture, sculpture, or pictorial images can be processed through Artificial Intelligence in very different ways. This paper analyses the “View of an Ideal City” preserved at the Walters Art Museum in Baltimore, focusing particularly on some significant details that have been reconstructed in three dimensions, also with the aim of enhancing the tactile accessibility of the artwork. The techniques employed include depth estimation and 3D reconstruction, which made it possible to generate highly accurate 3D models of the pictorial scene, ultimately enabling the production of physical prototypes through FDM technology. The dialogue between art history and the sciences of perception demonstrates that Artificial Intelligence could become a valuable tool for the understanding and accessibility of cultural heritage.